Advancing Knowledge and Promoting Best Practice in Mitigating the Impact of Dual Public-Private Practice among Health Providers

This primer aims to provide policymakers, program managers, and private providers with comprehensive background knowledge on the phenomenon of dual practice. Topics addressed include:

• External conditions as contributing factors to dual practice
• Motivations for dual practice and its manifestations 
• The impact of dual practice on health systems and patients
• Management strategies and the role of policies, guidelines, and incentives as mechanisms for reconciling collective interests in dual-practice scenarios
• Designing and implementing dual-practice interventions 

The primer discusses potential implications for care, and suggests tools and advice regarding how to deal with dual practice to the benefit of HIV clients and care providers, and how this practice can help support and sustain national HIV responses.

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